#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
printf("hello, world\n");
}
/*The C Programming Language (second edition,
Prentice Hall) by Brian W. Kernighan and Dennis M. Ritchie*/
* 유닉스에서 컴파일 하는 명령
Just how to run this program depends on the system you are using. As a specific example, on the UNIX operating system you must create the program in a file whose name ends in “. c”, such as hello. c, then compile it with the command
cc hello.c
If you haven’t botched anything, such as omitting a character or misspelling something, the compilation will proceed silently, and make an executable file called a.out. If you run a.out by typing the command
a. out
it will print
hello, world
On other systems, the rules will be different; check with a local expert.
* 함수와 변수, 메인 함수 설명
Now for some explanations about the program itself. A C program, whatever its size, consists of functions and variables. A function contains statements that specify the computing operations to be done, and variables store values used during the computation. C functions are like the subroutines and functions of Fortran or the procedures and functions of Pascal. Our example is a function named, main. Normally you are at liberty to give functions whatever names you like, but “main” is special - your program begins executing at the beginning of main. This means that every program must have a main somewhere. main will usually call other functions to help perform its job, some that you wrote, and others from libraries that are provided for you.
* 헤더 설명
The first line of the program’
#include <stdio.h>
tells the compiler to include information about the standard input/output library; this line appears at the beginning of many C source files.
*인수의 전달을 통한 함수 간의 의사소통 (main과 printf)
One method of communicating data between functions is for the calling function to provide a list of values, called arguments, to the function it calls. The parentheses after the function name surround the argument list. In this example, main is defined to be a function that expects no arguments, which is indicated by the empty list ( ).
The statements of a function are enclosed in braces { } . The function main contains only one statement,
printf(” hello, world\n” ) ;
A function is called by naming it, followed by a parenthesized list of arguments, so this calls the function printf with the argument ”hello, world\n”. printf is a library function that prints output, in this case the string of characters between the quotes.
* 문자열 설명
A sequence of characters in double quotes, like ”hello, world\n”, is called a character string or string constant.
* \n설명 (newline)
The sequence \n in the string is C notation for the newline character, which when printed advances the output to the left margin on the next line. If you leave out the \n (a worthwhile experiment), you will find that there is no line advance after the output is printed. You must use \n to include a newline character in the printf argument.
* \설명
Notice that \n represents only a single character. An escape sequence like \n provides a general and extensible mechanism for representing hard-to-type or invisible characters. Among the others that C provides are \t for tab, \b for backspace, \” for the double quote, and \\ for the backslash itself.
[The C Programming Language]
